Figure : Forebrain processes in normal dreaming: an integration of neurophysiological, neuropsychological and neuroimaging data.

Forebrain processes in normal dreaming: an integration of neurophysiological, neuropsychological and neuroimaging data.


Regions 1 and 2: ascending arousal systems; 3: subcortical and cortical limbic and paralimbic structures; 4: dorsolateral prefrontal executive association cortex; 5: motor initiation and control centers; 6: thalamocortical relay centers and thalamic subcortical circuitry; 7: primary motor cortex; 8: primary somatosensory cortex; 9: inferior parietal lobe; 10: primary visual cortex; 11: visual association cortex; 12: cerebellum. This figure serves as a visual model for section 3.3.4.3 ("Activation-synthesis updated: An integrated model of REM sleep dreaming") and each element of the figure is explained in detail in that section. Abbreviations: RAS, reticular activating system; PGO, ponto-geniculo-occipital waves; LGN, lateral geniculate nucleus; BA, Brodmann area. (From Hobson et al. 2000).